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Making Room for Parks

Jake Tobin Garrett

Park People

Nov 18, 2024
Canada-wide

Cooksville park sign, Mississauga, ON. Credit: City of Mississauga.

2024 Canadian City Parks report

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Read more stories and key insights on the Canadian City Parks report page.

How Mississauga is expanding parkland in a growing urban neighbourhood to meet future demand

This case study is part of the 2024 Canadian City Parks Report, showcasing Inspiring projects, people, and policies from across Canada that offer tangible solutions to the most pressing challenges facing city parks.

Summary

  • Mississauga’s growing Cooksville neighbourhood is already park deficient by city standards and will only see more growth as new infrastructure and transit comes online.
  • A long-term plan to acquire single-family properties, some within a floodplain, was created to expand parkland to serve the growing neighbourhood without reducing its housing stock. 
  • While some residents raised objections, the City has successfully acquired multiple properties through a willing buyer-willing seller approach and has not used expropriation powers.

Cities are in dire need of new park space. Despite that need, however, sometimes funding challenges, environmental contamination, and ownership issues mean that sites slated to become parks won’t actually be designed and built in their final form for several years. 

One of the key challenges of growing cities is acquiring new parkland to serve intensifying neighbourhoods when so much land has already been built on. In fact 69% of municipalities said acquiring new parkland was a major challenge for them in 2023.  A long-term plan in Mississauga shows how a consistent, transparent approach to acquiring existing housing can lead to long-term gains in expanded parkland for a growing population. 

Mississauga’s Cooksville neighbourhood, an area designated as an urban growth centre, is already deficient in parkland according to the City’s parks plan. While the City’s goal is 12 percent of land area for parks within urban growth centres, Cooksville was significantly below that target. With the future LRT and high-rise housing development coming to the area, growth will only continue to intensify, said Sharon Chapman, Manager of Parks and Culture Planning at the City of Mississauga.

The solution is a long-term plan by the City to acquire land within the Cooksville area to expand existing parkland so that it can accommodate more use and different activities. Council approved the plan in 2017, identifying 31 properties totalling 10ha to be acquired to assist in “achieving large cohesive areas of park with continuous trails systems.”

Cooksville Park and Iggy Kaneff Park expansion map, Mississauga, ON. Credit: City of Mississauga.

While expanding parkland is the primary goal, there is a second benefit of the expanded parkland–climate resilience. Some of the current houses in the area sit within a floodplain and could not be constructed today, which might make it more appealing to sell to the City, Chapman noted, since homes with a history of flooding are less marketable to buyers. 

The project is not without controversy, however. Some homeowners have been upset at the plans to demolish housing in the area, saying that they don’t plan on selling to the City. Chapman said she thought some of the initial resistance from homeowners was due to misinformation as well as concern about change. The City made sure to clarify that it was proceeding on a “willing buyer-willing seller” basis only, meaning that expropriating properties is not part of the plan. Negotiations with owners willing to sell are based on reports prepared by accredited independent appraisers estimating the fair market value of the property.

Cooksville Creek sign, Mississauga, ON. Credit: City of Mississauga.

“Our approach has been really a co-operative one with each individual homeowner. We have respected property owners who did not want to talk anymore about it.”

Sharon Chapman, Manager of Parks and Culture Planning at the City of Mississauga.

Commonly, park and housing advocates are pinned against each other as if urban residents need to pick between one or the other. Chapman acknowledged this and said that the City was aware “the project might be seen as removing housing stock,” but she noted it was only a few single-detached homes and not all 31 properties actually had houses on them. “We know that we are losing a small amount of single family homes and the area overall will grow immensely in terms of the new units that come in, so we need to keep the bigger picture in mind to make sure we have the right amount of parkland there.”

To date, 19 properties have been acquired, creating over 8 ha of new parkland–just shy of the 10 ha goal. Demolition happens on a rolling basis so that houses don’t sit vacant and can be turned into parkland right away.

“We’re at a point now that the properties we have acquired are enough that we can now start moving forward with plans to redevelop the park.”

Sharon Chapman, Manager of Parks and Culture Planning at the City of Mississauga.

The City has moved now into public engagement for the parkland, which will include both natural and built features. 

Recommendations 

  • Ensure plans and acquisition tools are explained clearly and plainly when parkland expansion requires the purchase of housing, including detailing future housing expansion in the area the parkland will be serving. 
  • Demolish buildings quickly and turn land into temporary usable parkland before long-term park designs are finalized so residents can see results quickly and concerns regarding vacant properties are assuaged. 
  • Work with conservation authorities and related agencies to identify locations at risk of flooding to highlight areas along waterways that can serve multiple city goals of parkland expansion and climate resilience.

Generously supported by Mohari Hospitality and

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